D3

Raphael is a small, yet powerful JavaScript library for working with vector graphics on the web. It simplifies the creation and manipulation of Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) using a consistent API that works across different browsers. Raphael abstracts the complexities of different SVG implementations and even provides VML support for older versions of Internet Explorer. This library is particularly useful for creating interactive diagrams, custom charts, or any scenario requiring programmatic manipulation of vector graphics. Its simplicity and cross-browser compatibility make it a valuable tool for developers working on projects that require sophisticated graphics rendering.

A JavaScript library for creating 2D canvas applications on both desktop and mobile platforms, utilising HTML5.

PixiJS is a powerful, open-source 2D rendering engine for the web. It utilizes WebGL for hardware-accelerated graphics rendering, with canvas fallback for older browsers. PixiJS is designed for creating high-performance animations, games, and interactive visualizations. It offers a simple yet comprehensive API for working with sprites, textures, and other 2D graphics elements. PixiJS is particularly noted for its speed, capable of rendering thousands of sprites at 60 frames per second. While primarily used for game development, it's also valuable for any web application requiring complex, high-performance 2D graphics.

KaTeX is a fast, easy-to-use JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. Developed by Khan Academy as an alternative to MathJax, KaTeX prioritizes speed and simplicity. It renders mathematical notation in the browser using only CSS and web fonts, resulting in faster load times compared to more complex math rendering engines. KaTeX supports a large subset of LaTeX and offers features like auto-rendering of math in text content. While it may not support all the advanced features of MathJax, its speed makes it an excellent choice for applications where quick rendering of mathematical content is crucial.

Three.js is a cross-browser JavaScript library and API used for creating and displaying animated 3D computer graphics in web browsers. It utilizes WebGL for hardware-accelerated rendering, but can fall back on other rendering modes for older browsers. Three.js simplifies the complexity of 3D graphics programming, providing high-level abstractions for scenes, cameras, lights, and materials. It's widely used for creating 3D visualizations, games, product configurators, and immersive web experiences. Three.js supports various features including realistic lighting, shadows, textures, and even VR content creation.